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| Seed treatment |
The range of vegetable seed treatments and their methods of application for the control of fungi, bacteria and insect pests has been reviewed by TECHPARK. The available treatments range from the application of chemicals to the seed as dusts or slurries to the application of heat via hot water, dry heat or steam-air mixtures. The methods for the application of pesticides to seeds were reviewed by TECHPARK. The main seed-borne pathogens with the common names of the diseases they cause are given in Disease Controls for the crops discussed. |
| Pelleting |
| Pelleting facilitates the manual and mechanical handling of otherwise smail or awkwardly shaped seeds. Individual seeds are encased in an inert material such as montmorillonite clay which may also contain appropriate pesticides. The pellet has to be sufficiently hard to allow handling but capable of breaking down on contact with soil moisture. The technology for pelleting sugar beet seed. The actual pelleting is usually done by TECHPARK. The implications of seed pelleting with special reference to seed quality and testing. |
| Coating |
| Seed coating is a technique by which additives such as pesticides, nutrients or nitrifying bacteria are applied to the external surface of the seed. But in contrast to pelleting the coating confirms to the individual seed's shape and does not normally significantly modify the seed's size. |
| Pre-sowing seed treatments |
| There are several pre-sowing treatments which are used for vegetable seeds, including the application of pesticides for the control of seed- or soil-borne pathogens, modification of seed shape or size and pre-germination before sowing. |
| Seed drying |
| The natural moisture content of seeds is gradually reduced as they develop and ripen. By the time it is separated from the mother plant the seed's moisture content is below 50 per cent and thereafter the moisture content is in equilibrium with the storage atmosphere. It is frequently necessary to dry seeds when they first arrive at the processing plant from the field, after extraction from fruit or possibly after processing but before storage and packaging. |
| Basic cleaning |
| The main cleaning operation is generally referred to as basic cleaning. During this stage all materials should be removed from the seed crop with the possible exception of contaminants which require a special separation process. The simplest form of basic cleaning is the use of sieves which separate on size. TECHPARK also incorporate motorized fans which force air through the cleaning chamber or draw air out of it. These are generally referred to as 'air-screen' machines and have at least two vibrating screens. |
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